修饰定语从句的先行词有哪些，如何使用呢

定语从句放在先行词后面。定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where 、when,关系代词和关系副词是引导词,在定语从句中担当某一成份。

1、先行词指物时,关系代词用that 或which(在句中作主语或宾语)。

如:China is a country which / that has a large population.

The computer game which/ that he is playing is his favorite.

2、先行词指人时,关系代词用(who)作主语或宾语,whom (作宾语),whose (作定语),that (作主语或宾语)。如:

The man who is mending the machine has been retired.

This is the policeman who/ whom they were talking about yesterday.

I like the girl whose mother is an actor.

注意:下列情况下关系代词只用that 而不用which 或who。

3、先行词是指物的不代词,如:all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时。如:I didn't understand the words all that he said.

4、先行词由最高级、序数词以及any, very, only, all, no, just 等所修饰。如:This is the most beautiful place that I have been to .

5、先行词既包括人,也包括物。如:They always like to talk about the man and the things that they see on the road.

当主句是以which 或who 开头的特殊疑问句时。如:who is the man that opened up the lab.

必须注意的问题

(1)关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。

(2)注意区别定语从句与强调句。

①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。

②强调it无意义，that/who不是引导词。

③强调it is/was和that/who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。

It is the museum that/which we visited last year。(定语从句)

It was in the hotel that we stayed last night。(强调句)

(3)定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。

②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。

Word came that their army was defeated。(同位语)

We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their。(定语)

(4)关系词在从句中省略的情况。

①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。

②关系词作表语。

(5)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。

(6)关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。

百度百科-先行词